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American cuisine is the cooking style and traditional dishes prepared in the United States. It has been significantly influenced by European, indigenous Native Americans, African Batender, Asians, Pacific Islanders, and many other cultures and traditions. Whilst some of American cuisine is fusion cuisine, many regions in America have a specific regional cuisine.
American cuisine saw significant expansion during the 19th and 20th centuries, primarily due to the influx of immigrants from different nations. Such has allowed for the current rich diversity in food dishes throughout the country. The cuisine is geographically divided into the four census regions: the Northeastthe Midwestthe Southand the West.
Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American cuisine that have been blended with the methods of early Europeans monave form the basis mojavs what is now American cuisine. Nearly all regions and subregions of the present day cuisine have roots in the foodways of Bartender 3 not working mojave free Americans, who lived in tribes numbering in the thousands. Prior tonative bartender 3 not working mojave free lived off the land in very diverse bioregions and had done so for thousands of years, often living a nomadic life where their diet changed with the season.
Many practiced a form of agriculture revolving around bartender 3 not working mojave free Three Sistersthe rotation of beansmaizeand squash as staples of their diet; in the East, this was documented as early as the s in Of Plimoth Plantation, evidenced dorking the pages William Bradford wrote regarding Squanto : he showed them the traditional regional method of burying a fish or eel in a mound with seeds for maize to improve the soil; this itself is also part of the widely practiced phenomenon of companion planting.
Other tribes across the land were practicing an iteration of using the same /19201.txt staples, evidenced by years of archaeological investigations in every region. Wild game was equally a staple of nearly every tribe: generally speaking, deer, elk, and bison were staples as were rabbits and hare of every kind.
The Cherokee of the Southern Appalachians used blowguns made of an indigenous type of bamboo to hunt squirrels. Northern tribes like the Ojibwe of what is now the state of Michigan and the peoples bartender 3 not working mojave free the Wabanaki of what is now the state of Maine would stalk and hunt moose, whereas their Southern counterparts, like the Bartender 3 not working mojave free or Catawbahunted snapping turtles and other testudines, [11] [12] possums[13] [14] and young alligators [15] in the subtropical swamps of Louisiana and South Carolina.
Many tribes would preserve their meat in the form of pemmican нажмите чтобы перейти, needed greatly on long journeys or to bartender 3 not working mojave free harsh winters. As with hunted gamethe biome in which one lived often dictated what was available to catch. For example, the Apache and Navajo peoples of the Southwest, whose territories each would have included swathes of New Mexico and Arizonagenerally do not eat fish because in both cultures it's taboo, as well as mmojave inconvenient.
The Navajo believe that fish have a part in the story of creation, [16] the Apache were in general afraid of water since they associated it mohave thunder, [17] and the arid desert climate made fish a rarity.
However, in the culture of the Lenapethe tribe that originally lived in New Jerseyon the Delaware Riverand the area that now comprises New York Cityfish and shellfish were a staple in their diet and it was such a revered part of the ftee that there is a documented and still practiced harvest dance called the Fish Dance.
Originally it would have been done to celebrate the bringing in of fish from places like the Delaware взято отсюда Raritan River or even the estuary around Manhattan Island and как сообщается здесь completion of smoking them as a source of food for the long winter ahead. Eastern tribes would have eaten codbartender 3 not working mojave free [22] particularly groups that spoke the Algonquian languages of New England as far south as present day Connecticutwinter flounder [23] and other flatfish[24] species of herring like the alewife[25] shad[26] Atlantic herringbartender 3 not working mojave free Atlantic wogking[27] [28] They also would have consumed the Atlantic sturgeon [29] and drum.
In the West, Pacific several species of sturgeon, like the white sturgeon [30] bartender 3 not working mojave free green sturgeon[31] olachen [32] and several autochthonal fish of the Oncorhynchus family including the rainbow trout[33] cutthroat trout[34] coho salmon[35] [36] [37] kokanee salmon[38] and chinook salmon. The last makes an appearance in the accounts of Lewis and Clark as being bartenddr for in the Columbia River Basinand this specific species is named for a family of tribes of the Pacific Northwest, indicating very strongly its important role in that specific food culture.
Pacific gray whales and humpbacks were hunted by American Indians off the Northwest coast, bartender 3 not working mojave free by the Makahand used for their meat and oil. Crustaceans included shrimplobstercrayfishand bartender 3 not working mojave free crabs in the Northwest and shrimplobster and blue crabs in the East.
Other shellfish include abalone and geoduck on the West Coast, while on the East Coast the surf clamquahogand the soft-shell clam.
Oysters were bartrnder on both shores, as were mussels and periwinkles. Early American Natives used a number of wprking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine. Grilling meats was common. Spit roasting over a pit fire was common as well.
Vegetables, especially root vegetableswere often cooked directly in the ashes of the fire. As early Native Americans lacked pottery that could be used directly over a fire, they developed a technique causing many anthropologists to call them " stone boilers ". They heated rocks in a fire, then added the rocks to a pot filled with water until it bartender 3 not working mojave free to a boil to cook the meat or vegetables.
Bartender 3 not working mojave free what is now the Southwestern United States, they also created adobe ovens, dubbed hornos by the Spanishto bake products such as cornmeal bread.
Other parts of America dug pit ovensbartender 3 not working mojave free were also used to steam foods by adding heated rocks or embers. One example performed extensively by New England tribes was no seaweed or кто adobe audition cs6 full mega free download сайт husks on top of посетить страницу источник layers of stones to steam fish and shellfish as well as vegetables.
A later addition was potatoes, a garden plant that came to New England nit the 18th century, added while worming in skin with corn думаю, download free cbt software for pc как in-husk, later to be referred to as a clambake by colonists. The European settlement of the Americas introduced a number of ingredients, spices, herbs, and cooking styles to the continent. When European colonists came to VirginiaPennsylvaniaMassachusettsand any of the other English colonies on the eastern seaboard of North America, their initial attempts at survival included planting crops familiar to them from back home in England.
In the same way, they farmed animals for clothing and meat. Through hardships and eventual establishment of trade with England, the West Indies and other regions, the colonists were able to derive a cuisine similar to what they had previously consumed in Britain and Bartender 3 not working mojave freewhile also introducing local animals and plants to their diet.
American colonists followed along the line of British cookery up until the Revolution, when a desire to distinguish themselves from Britain led Americans to create "American" styles of cookery.
Inthe first American cookbook was published, and others followed. One of the cookbooks that proliferated in the colonies was The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy by Hannah Glassewho referred to "the blind folly of this age that would rather be imposed on by a French booby, than give encouragement to a good English cook! With the introduction of slavery, Africans were brought into the colonies.
During this era, cooking and the preparation of food was primarily done by enslaved peoples and because of this, cooking styles reminiscent of West African cuisines are still found in many dishes, especially in Southern cuisine.
The expulsion of the Acadians from Acadia led many abrtender them to Louisiana, where they left a French influence in the diet of those settled in Louisiana, and among the Acadian Francophones who settled eastern Maine and parts of what is now northern Vermont at the bartender 3 not working mojave free time they colonized New Brunswick.
Some of the Jews who fled from the Inquisition with other Bartwnder Jews in the 15th century had previously settled in Recife, Brazil and the West Indieswhere their cuisine was influenced by new local ingredients like molassesrumsugarvanillachocolatepepperscorntomatoeskidney beansstring beans and turkey. Intwenty three Sephardic Jews arrived in New Amsterdam bringing this cuisine with them to the early colonial United States. Early American Bartender 3 not working mojave free cuisine was heavily influenced by this branch of Sephardic cuisine.
Many of the recipes were bound up in observance of traditional holidays and remained true to bartenedr origins. These included dishes such as stew and fish fried in olive oil mojav, beef and bean stews, almond puddingsand egg custards. The first kosher cookbook in America was the Jewish Cookery Book by Esther Levy, published in in Philadelphia and includes many bartender 3 not working mojave free the traditional recipes.
The American colonial diet varied depending on the settled region in which someone lived. Local cuisine patterns had established by bartender 3 not working mojave free midth century. The New England colonies were extremely similar in their dietary habits to those that many of them had brought from England. A striking difference for the colonists in New England compared to other regions was seasonality.
In addition, northern colonists' close proximity to the ocean gave them a bounty of fresh fish to add to their diet. Wheat wokring, the grain used to bake bread back in England, was almost impossible to grow, and imports of wheat were far from cost productive. The Johnnycake was a poor substitute to some for wheaten bread, but acceptance by both the northern and southern colonies seems evident. As many of the New Englanders were originally from England, game hunting was useful when they immigrated to the New World.
Many of the northern colonists depended upon their ability to hunt, or upon others from whom they could purchase game. Hunting was the preferred method of protein acquisition, as opposed to animal husbandry, which required much more work to defend the kept animals against raids. Commonly hunted game included deer, bear, buffaloand wild turkey. The larger muscles of the animals were roasted and served with currant sauce, while worikng other smaller portions went into soupsntsausagespiesand pastries.
The Spanish in Florida originally introduced sheep to the New World, but this development never quite reached the North, and there they were introduced by the Dutch and English. The keeping of sheep was a result of the English non-practice of animal husbandry. Fats and oils made from animals served to cook many colonial foods. Many homes had a sack made of deerskin filled with bear oil for cooking, while solidified bear fat resembled shortening.
Rendered pork fat made the most popular cooking medium, especially from the cooking of bacon. Pork fat was used more often in the southern colonies than the northern colonies as the Spanish introduced pigs earlier to the South. The colonists enjoyed butter in cooking as well, but it was rare prior to the American Revolutionas cattle were not yet plentiful.
Prior to the Revolution jojave, New Englanders consumed large quantities of rum and beeras maritime trade provided them relatively easy access to the goods needed to produce these items.
Rum was the distilled spirit of choice, as the main ingredient, molasseswas readily available from trade with bartender 3 not working mojave free West Indies. Further into the interior, however, one would often find colonists consuming whiskeyas they did not have similar access to sugar cane. They did have ready access to corn and rye, which they used to produce their whiskey.
Until the Revolution, many considered whiskey to be a coarse alcohol unfit for human consumption, as many believed that it caused the poor to become raucous and unkempt drunkards. In comparison to the northern colonies, the southern colonies нажмите для деталей quite diverse in their agricultural diet. The uplands of the Piedmont and the coastal lowlands made up the two main parts of the southern colonies.
The diet of the uplands often included wild game, cabbagestring beanscornsquashes and white potatoes. People had biscuits as part of their breakfastalong with healthy portions of pork. Rice played a large part of the diet in Louisiana. In addition, unlike the uplands, the lowlands subsistence of protein came mostly from coastal seafood. Much of the diet involved the use of peppers, as it still does to this day. During the 18th and workking centuries, Americans developed many new foods. Some, such as Rocky Mountain oystersstayed regional; some spread throughout the nation but with little international appeal, such as peanut butter a core ingredient of the peanut butter and jelly sandwich ; and some spread throughout the world, such as mouavecolafried chickencornbreadunleavened muffins such as the poppyseed muffinand brownies.
During the s, American farms were mostly self-sufficient, but certain staples like saltcoffeesugarand baking soda would be purchased at the town general store. If the family didn't grow wheatthen flour would also be purchased. Another luxury was canned salmonwhich was sometimes eaten for Sunday dinner.
Items purchased at the general store would be paid for with eggs, butter bartender 3 not working mojave free some other food from the farm. Women were responsible for much of the processing of food like straining fresh milk, churning butter, making molasses from sorghumgrinding corn into cornmeal or cleaning whole chickens. Fresh picked apples were pressed into ciderwhich could be fermented to make apple cider vinegar. Baartender and vegetables were preserved by various means like canning, drying or pickling.
One contemporary writer from Michigan described October as cider season, when apple butter would be made. Her writings mention johnnycakesand, as winter fare, buckwheat cakes. Typical farmhouse fare included fried chicken, simmered green beansboiled corn, chicken and dumplingsfried hamboiled beans and beetsstewed tomatoespotatoes, and coleslaw made of shredded cabbage.
Pon haussimilar to the scrapple of the Pennsylvania Dutchwas a typical breakfast dish among the Germans who had settled Indiana in the 19th century. Pork scraps and corn meal were cooked into a thick porridge and molded in loaf pans. Once solidified, the mixture would be cut and fried.
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